Studi Kasus: Edukasi Aspek Preventif pada Pengelolaan Hipertensi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55123/abdikan.v4i1.4804Keywords:
Diet, Exercise, Family Education, Hypertension, Preventive, Therapy AdherenceAbstract
Hypertension is defined as an increase in systolic blood pressure exceeding 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure exceeding 90 mmHg. Hypertension is a highly prevalent disease that requires a preventive approach to avoid complications and improve patients' quality of life. This study aims to establish preventive measures for hypertensive patients through family education and home visits. The study adopts a descriptive qualitative approach using case study methods, including interviews, observations, documentation, and family assessments. Interventions involve education on diet, healthy lifestyle practices, exercise, and medication adherence. After one week of intervention, the patient's blood pressure significantly decreased from 160/97 mmHg to 137/88 mmHg. The patient demonstrated improved compliance, including reduced consumption of high-salt foods, increased light physical activity, and adherence to prescribed medications. This study highlights the importance of a low-salt and low-fat diet, regular exercise, and family support in managing hypertension and improving patients' quality of life. In conclusion, intensive education-based interventions and effective family involvement can reduce the severity of hypertension and prevent further complications.
Downloads
References
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2024. Pedoman Pengendalian Hipertensi di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama. Jakarta: Kemenkes.
Hasanah U, Ardi NB, Suyono, Rusbandi, Hawara G, Handoko W, Azhari MA, Nawangwulan R. 2024. Edukasi Kesehatan Hipertensi kepada Masyarakat di Wilayah Kelurahan Kedaung RT 03/ RW 014 Kecamatan Pamulang Kota Tangerang Selatan. Jurnal Abdi Masyarakat. 5(1):353-358.
Puspitosari A, Nurhidayah N. 2022. Pengaruh Progressive Muscle Relaxation terhadap Tingkat Hipertensi pada Middle Adulthood di Desa Kemiri Kecamatan Kebakkramat Kabupaten Karanganyar. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia. 2(2):01-05.
Fadhil I, Safirza S, Atika RA, Lidiawati M, Elmiyati. 2023. Gambaran Prevalensi Hipertensi di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Cempaka Lima Banda Aceh. Jurnal Sains dan Aplikasi. 11(1):27-32.
Arief I, Amin FA. 2024. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi di Gampong Lampulo Banda Aceh. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai. 5(2):5184-5191.
Kuba AR, Nusawakan AW, Putra KP. 2021. Upaya Promotif Preventif dan Pengendalian Hipertensi oleh Puskesmas Tegalrejo Kota Salatiga. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan. 9(2):208-222.
Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan. 2024. Prevalensi, Dampak, serta Upaya Pengendalian Hipertensi dan Diabetes di Indonesia. Jakarta: BKPK.
Perhimpunan Dokter Hipertensi Indonesia (PERHI). 2019. Konsensus Penatalaksanaan Hipertensi 2019. Indonesia Society Hipertensi Indonesia. Jakarta. 1–90.
Fajar, M. G. A., Yani, D. I., & Sumarni, N. (2024). Family-Based Care Using The Orem Self-Care Model In Families With Hypertension: A Case Study. Indonesian Journal of Community Health Nursing, 9(1), 26–36. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijchn.v9i1.47053
Susanto, T., Hernawati, S., Yunanto, R. A., Rahmawati, I., Ati, N. A. L., & Fauziah, W. 2024. Family Self-management Program for Hypertension Management and Sodium Consumption Adherence: A Parallel Randomized Control Trial Among Family Caregivers and People With Hypertension. Journal of Research in Health Sciences, 24(4), e00628–e00628. https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2024.163
Tran, J., Norton, R., Canoy, D., Roberto, J., Conrad, N., Milad Nazarzadeh, Raimondi, F., Gholamreza Sagibbslimi-Khorshidi, Rodgers, A., & Rahimi, K. (2021). Multi-morbidity and blood pressure trajectories in hypertensive patients: A multiple landmark cohort study. 18(6), e1003674–e1003674. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003674
Fix, G. M., Cohn, E. S., Solomon, J. L., Cortés, D. E., Mueller, N., Kressin, N. R., Borzecki, A., Katz, L. A., & Bokhour, B. G. (2013). The role of comorbidities in patients’ hypertension self-management. Chronic Illness, 10(2), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742395313496591
Charchar, F. J., Prestes, P. R., Mills, C., Ching, S. M., Neupane, D., Marques, F. Z., Sharman, J. E., Vogt, L., Burrell, L. M., Korostovtseva, L., Zec, M., Patil, M., Schultz, M. G., Wallen, M. P., Renna, N. F., Islam, S. M. S., Hiremath, S., Gyeltshen, T., Chia, Y.-C., & Gupta, A. (2023). Lifestyle management of hypertension: International Society of Hypertension position paper endorsed by the World Hypertension League and European Society of Hypertension. Journal of Hypertension, 42(1), 23–49. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003563
Ojangba, T., Boamah, S., Miao, Y., Guo, X., Fen, Y., Agboyibor, C., Yuan, J., & Dong, W. (2023). Comprehensive effects of lifestyle reform, adherence, and related factors on hypertension control: A review. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 25(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14653
Altawili, A. A., Altawili, M.A., Al-Wadai, A., Alahmadi, A. S., Alshehri, M. A., Muyini, B. H., Alshwwaf, A. R., Almarzooq, A. M., Alqarni, H. A., Zain, Al-Harbi, M. M., Alrashed, Y. M., & Almuhanna, N. M. 2023. An Exploration of Dietary Strategies for Hypertension Management: a Narrative Review. Cureus, 15(12). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.50130
Aljuraiban, G. S., Gibson, R., Chan, D. SM., Van Horn, L., & Chan, Q. 2023. The role of diet in the prevention of hypertension and management of blood pressure: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of interventional and observational studies. Advances in Nutrition, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2023.09.011
Edwards, J., Algis H P Deenmamode, Griffiths, M., Arnold, O., Cooper, N. J., Wiles, J., & O’Driscoll, J. M. 2023. Infographic. Exercise training and resting blood pressure: a large-scale pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 57(20), 1335–1336. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2023-107513
da Silva, M. C., Nascimento, D. V. G., Lima Silva, E. M., Gouvêa, F. F. F., de França Lopes, L. G., Araújo, A. V., Ferraz Pereira, K. N., & de Queiroz, T. M. (2021). Nitric Oxide as a Central Molecule in Hypertension: Focus on the Vasorelaxant Activity of New Nitric Oxide Donors. Biology, 10(10), 1041. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10101041=
Raina, S., Deshmukh, M., & Tushar Palekar. 2024. Effects Of Exercise Training On The Autonomic Nervous System In Hypertension: A Comprehensive Review. International Journal of Advanced Research, 12(10), 53 58. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19620
Gibbs, B. B., Hivert, M.-F., Jerome, G. J., Kraus, W. E., Rosenkranz, S. K., Schorr, E. N., Spartano, N. L., & Lobelo, F. 2021. Physical activity as a critical component of first-line treatment for elevated blood pressure or cholesterol: Who, what, and how?: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension, 78(2). https://doi.org/10.1161/hyp.0000000000000196
Algabbani, F. M., & Algabbani, A. M. 2020. Treatment adherence among patients with hypertension: findings from a cross-sectional study. Clinical Hypertension, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40885-020-00151-1
Wang, J.-G., Palmer, B. F., Anderson, K. V., & Sever, P. 2023. Amlodipine in the current management of hypertension. Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 25(9). https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14709
Gutierrez, M. M., & Sakulbumrungsil, R. (2021). Factors associated with medication adherence of hypertensive patients in the Philippines: a systematic review. Clinical Hypertension, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40885-021-00176-0
Mengesha, E. W., Tesfaye, T. D., Boltena, M. T., Birhanu, Z., Sudhakar, M., Hassen, K., Kedir, K., Mesfin, F., Hailemeskel, E., Dereje, M., Hailegebrel, E. A., Howe, R., Abebe, F., Tadesse, Y., Girma, E., Wadilo, F., Lake, E. A., Guta, M. T., Damtew, B., & Debebe, A. 2024. Effectiveness of community-based interventions for prevention and control of hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(7), e0003459–e0003459. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003459
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Syahrizal Syahrizal, Hendra Kurniawan, Nanda Wijaya, Rifqatunnisak Rifqatunnisak, Cut Dini Anggreiny
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
