ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI TEMPERATUR PADA MESIN RETORT STERILISASI MENGGUNAKAN CFD DENGAN VARIASI TEMPERATUR DAN KECEPATAN ALIRAN UAP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55123/storage.v5i3.8853Keywords:
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Mesin Retort, Sterilisasi Termal, Distribusi Temperatur, Uap JenuhAbstract
Sterilisasi termal menggunakan mesin retort berperan penting dalam menjaga keamanan, mutu, dan daya simpan produk pangan. Keberhasilan proses ini dipengaruhi oleh keseragaman distribusi temperatur di dalam ruang sterilisasi yang menentukan efektivitas perpindahan panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi temperatur inlet dan kecepatan aliran uap jenuh terhadap karakteristik termal mesin retort menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Geometri mesin retort memiliki ukuran 1800 × 750 × 950 mm dengan variasi temperatur inlet sebesar 115°C, 117°C, 119°C, 121°C, dan 123°C serta variasi kecepatan aliran sebesar 2 m/s, 4 m/s, 6 m/s, 8 m/s, dan 10 m/s pada kondisi tunak. Hasil simulasi terhadap 25 skenario menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan temperatur inlet dan kecepatan aliran uap memengaruhi pola distribusi temperatur, bilangan Reynolds, dan karakteristik perpindahan panas di dalam ruang retort. Kombinasi temperatur inlet 123°C dan kecepatan aliran 10 m/s menunjukkan peningkatan koefisien perpindahan panas lokal sebesar 12% dibandingkan kondisi awal pengujian serta menghasilkan karakteristik termal yang paling baik dibandingkan variasi lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi dalam menentukan kondisi operasi mesin retort yang sesuai untuk mendukung proses sterilisasi termal produk pangan.
Downloads
References
Alexandersson, M., & Ristinmaa, M. (2021). Coupled heat, mass and momentum transport in swelling cellulose based materials with application to retorting of paperboard packages. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 92, 848–883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2020.11.041
Alonso, A. A., Pitarch, J. L., Antelo, L. T., & Vilas, C. (2021). Event-based dynamic optimization for food thermal processing: High-quality food production under raw material variability. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 127, 162–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2021.02.013
Ates, M. B., Skipnes, D., Rode, T. M., & Lekang, O. I. (2016). Comparison of spore inactivation with novel agitating retort, static retort and combined high pressure-temperature treatments. Food Control, 60, 484–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.08.033
Giraldo Gil, A., Ochoa González, O. A., Cardona Sepúlveda, L. F., & Alvarado Torres, P. N. (2020). Venting stage experimental study of food sterilization process in a vertical retort using temperature distribution tests and energy balances. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 22(August). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2020.100736
Hashemian Nik, E., Pletzer, S., & Hochenauer, C. (2023). Numerically efficient two-step CFD simulation model of flow regime and heat transfer for hot water shower sterilizers. Applied Thermal Engineering, 230(PA), 120649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120649
Jimenez, P. S., Bangar, S. P., Suffern, M., & Whiteside, W. S. (2024). Understanding retort processing: A review. Food Science and Nutrition, 12(3), 1545–1563. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3912
Jung, H., Lee, Y. J., & Yoon, W. B. (2023). Effect of Pouch Size on Sterilization of Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Bracken Ferns: Numerical Simulation and Texture Evaluation. Processes, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11010035
Nofrizal Fajar Satria Pratama, & Saputro, D. D. (2024). Design and Validation of Horizontal Steam Retort with Capacity of 100 kg Presto milkfish Using Finite Element Method (FEM). Jurnal Inovasi Mesin, 6(2), 18–24. https://doi.org/10.15294/jim.v6i2.12160
Numuang, C. (2022). ISSN : 2286-8615 VOLUME 10 EDISI 1. 10(April).
Paz-Paredes, I., Jiménez, F., Muñoz, J. A. D., Trejo, F., & Ancheyta, J. (2025). Computational Fluid Dynamics for Modeling of Hydrotreating Fixed-Bed Reactors: A Review. Processes, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13030894
Pletzer, S., Miranda, M., Lucchesi, M., Magno, M., & Hochenauer, C. (2023). Numerical modelling of the evaporative cooling effect on solid walls in steam sterilisers. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 214, 124396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.124396
Raits, E., Pinte, L., Kirse-ozolina, A., & Muizniece-brasava, S. (2021). Studi Kasus: Distribusi Suhu dan Penetrasi Panas dalam Uap-Udara. 46(341). https://doi.org/10.2478/plus-2021-0020
Raits, E., Pinte, L., Kirse-Ozolina, A., & Muizniece-Brasava, S. (2021). A Case-study: Temperature Distribution and Heat Penetration in Steam-air Retort, Using Glass Jars and Retort Pouches. Rural Sustainability Research, 46(341), 90–96. https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2021-0020
Simpson, R., Jiménez, D., Almonacid, S., Nuñez, H., Pinto, M., Ramírez, C., Vega-Castro, O., Fuentes, L., & Angulo, A. (2020). Assessment and outlook of variable retort temperature profiles for the thermal processing of packaged foods: Plant productivity, product quality, and energy consumption. In Journal of Food Engineering (Vol. 275). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109839
Su, S., Han, Y., Ahn, S., & Hee, S. (2023). Heat penetration and quality analysis of retort processed vegetables for home meal replacement foods. Food Science and Biotechnology, 32(8), 1057–1065. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-023-01247-8
Szpicer, A., Bińkowska, W., Stelmasiak, A., Zalewska, M., Wojtasik-Kalinowska, I., Piwowarski, K., Piepiórka-Stepuk, J., & Półtorak, A. (2025). Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Thermal Processes in Food Technology and Their Applications in the Food Industry. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 15(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010424
Wang, W., Wu, J., Zheng, J., Wu, Z., Huang, J., Lu, Y., Peng, X., & Huang, L. (2023). Simulation and optimization of the thermal sterilization process of puree cans using the production of chestnut puree as an example. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14(April), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1135700
Yang, X., Li, Y., Wang, P., Luan, D., Sun, J., Huang, M., Wang, B., & Zheng, Y. (2022). Quality changes of duck meat during thermal sterilization processing caused by microwave, stepwise retort, and general retort heating. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1016942
Zhu, J., Frerich, T., & Herrmann, A. S. (2021). CFD modeling and validation of heat transfer inside an autoclave based on a mesh independency study. Journal of Composite Materials, 55(18), 2469–2487. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998320979043
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Amrijal Anshori, Muhamad Safi'i, Hisyam Ma'mun
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
