Strategi Pengembangan Pariwisata Pedesaan: Integrasi Analisis Spasial dan SWOT di Kecamatan Songgon, Banyuwangi

Penulis

  • Tri Rafika Diyah Indartin Politeknik Negeri Jember
  • Muhammad Asyroful Mujib Universitas Jember
  • Eva Kurniasari Universitas Jember
  • Hablana Rizka Politeknik Negeri Jember
  • Firda Diartika Politeknik Negeri Jember

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55123/toba.v4i3.6363

Kata Kunci:

Community-Based Tourism, Geographic Information System (GIS), Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA), SWOT Analysis, Tourism Development

Abstrak

The development of sustainable tourism in rural highland areas requires a spatially integrated and community-based management approach. This study aims to formulate strategic directions for tourism development in Songgon District, Banyuwangi Regency by integrating spatial analysis and SWOT evaluation. Spatial analysis was conducted using the Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA) method to assess the distribution pattern of ten natural tourism destinations across four villages. The results of the NNA analysis show a value of 1.18 (NNA>1), indicating that the distribution pattern of tourist sites is somewhat dispersed (not clustered) and not extremely scattered. These findings suggest the presence of spatial decentralization of tourism assets, which requires connectivity and thematic integration between locations. SWOT analysis, supported by field interviews, identified internal and external factors classified into four strategic typologies: Strength-Opportunity (S-O), Strength-Threat (S-T), Weakness-Opportunity (W-O), and Weakness-Threat (W-T). The S-O strategy emphasized strengthening existing attractions and community-based ecotourism; S-T focused on enhancing local identity to withstand environmental and market pressures; W-O highlighted infrastructure improvement and digital transformation; while W-T addressed fundamental service gaps and external threats simultaneously. The integration of NNA and SWOT provided a comprehensive foundation for contextual, adaptive, and data-driven tourism planning in Songgon District. This approach offers transferable insights for tourism development in other rural regions with similar socio-ecological complexities.

Unduhan

Data unduhan belum tersedia.

Referensi

Abdurahman, A. Z. A., Nasir, S. A. M., Yaacob, W. F. W., Jaya, S., & Mokhtar, S. (2021). Spatio-Temporal Clustering of Sarawak Malaysia Total Protected Area Visitors. Sustainability, 13(21), 11618. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111618

Boavida-Portugal, I., Rocha, J., & Ferreira, C. C. (2016). Exploring the Impacts of Future Tourism Development on Land Use/Cover Changes. Applied Geography, 77, 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.10.009

Chang, Y., Li, D., Simayi, Z., Yang, S., Abulimiti, M., & Ren, Y. (2022). Spatial Pattern Analysis of Xinjiang Tourism Resources Based on Electronic Map Points of Interest. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), 7666. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137666

Chang, Z. (2024). Spatial Distribution Characteristics And Influencing Factors of Key Rural Tourism Villages in China. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 34(1), 593–605. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/186479

CIUPE, I. A. (2021). Spatial Patterns of Second Home Development as Part of Rural Landscapes. A Case Study of Apuseni Nature Park. Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning, SI(8), 65–77. https://doi.org/10.24193/jsspsi.2021.8.06

Fan, X., & Sun, L. (2024). Geographic Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors for Industrial Heritage Sites in Italy Based on GIS. Sustainability, 16(5), 2085. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16052085

Gao, Y., Zhang, H., & Shi, X. (2024). Sustainable Spatial Distribution and Determinants of Key Rural Tourism Villages in China: Promoting Balanced Regional Development. Sustainability, 16(19), 8572. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198572

Hadi, Y., Daraba, D., Ilham, M., & Achmad, M. (2025). Government strategy for Sembalun tourism destination in East Lombok Timur Regency to support Mandalika as a super priority tourism destination. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies, 7(6), 47–73. https://doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2025.7.6.7

Hei, Y., Sui, Y., Gao, W., Zhao, M., Min, H., & Gao, M. (2025). Geodetector-Based Analysis of Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Mechanisms for Rural Homestays in Beijing. Land, 14(5), 997. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14050997

Hizmi, S., Wahyuni, E. S., Hakim, L. K., & Jumraidin. (2023). Mapping the agritourism potential of coffee in Sapit Village as a special interest tourism attraction in East Lombok, Indonesia. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Tourism, Gastronomy, and Tourist Destination (TGDIC 2023) (pp. 235–244). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-296-5_32

Li, L., & Gao, Q. (2023). Researching Tourism Space in China’s Great Bay Area: Spatial Pattern, Driving Forces and Its Coupling With Economy and Population. Land, 12(10), 1878. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12101878

Liang, W., Ahmad, Y., & Mohidin, H. H. B. (2023). Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Tourism Based on POI Data in Chengdu, China. Environment Development and Sustainability, 26(4), 10127–10143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03138-8

Liao, C., Zuo, Y., Law, R., Wang, Y., & Zhang, M. (2022). Spatial Differentiation, Influencing Factors, and Development Paths of Rural Tourism Resources in Guangdong Province. Land, 11(11), 2046. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11112046

Liu, H., Tan, Z., & Zan-cai, X. (2024). The Coupling Coordination Relationship and Driving Factors of the Digital Economy and High-Quality Development of Rural Tourism: Insights From Chinese Experience Data. Land, 13(11), 1734. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13111734

Liu, X., Zhou, G., Wang, H., & Wen, E. (2025). Evaluating the Progress of Tourism in a Less-Developed Area of China: A Tourism Development Index Approach Based on Night-Time Light and POI Data. Land, 14(2), 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14020338

Octari, W. H., Suadnya, I. W., & Rakhman, A. (2024). Agrotourism destination development strategy on Lombok. Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Studies, 7(8), 5098–5107. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i8-31

Pastur, G. M., Peri, P. L., Lencinas, M. V, García‐Llorente, M., & Martín‐López, B. (2015). Spatial Patterns of Cultural Ecosystem Services Provision in Southern Patagonia. Landscape Ecology, 31(2), 383–399. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0254-9

Polat, E., Kahraman, S., & Korkmazyürek, B. (2023). Turizm Odaklı Stratejik Mekansal Planlama ve Bölgesel Kalkınma: TR22 Bölgesi Örneği. GSI Journals Serie A: Advancements in Tourism Recreation and Sports Sciences. https://doi.org/10.53353/atrss.1314147.

Putra, I. D. G. A. D., & Adhika, I. M. (2024). The traditional village as a part of a cultural landscape: Agricultural-based tourism development strategy in Bali. SINERGI, 28(1), 28–43. https://doi.org/10.22441/sinergi.2024.1.005

Qi, L., Dong, J., & Yu, R. (2025). Analysis of Spatial Layout Influencing Factors in National Forest Tourism Villages: A Case Study of Liaoning Province. Land, 14(4), 857. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14040857

Saxena, S., Pinjari, A. R., & Bhat, C. R. (2022). Multiple Discrete-Continuous Choice Models With Additively Separable Utility Functions and Linear Utility on Outside Good: Model Properties and Characterization of Demand Functions. Transportation Research Part B Methodological, 155, 526–557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2021.11.011

Sisriany, S., & Furuya, K. (2024). Understanding the Spatial Distribution of Ecotourism in Indonesia and Its Relevance to the Protected Landscape. Land, 13(3), 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13030370

Soeswoyo, D. (2021). Potensi Pariwisata Dan Strategi Pengembangan Desa Wisata Sukajadi di Kabupaten Bogor. Masyarakat Pariwisata : Journal of Community Services in Tourism, 2, 13–26. https://doi.org/10.34013/mp.v2i1.371

Sun, A., Chen, L., Yoshida, K., & Qu, M. (2023). Spatial Patterns and Determinants of Bed and Breakfasts in the All-for-One Tourism Demonstration Area of China: A Perspective on Urban–Rural Differences. Land, 12(9), 1720. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12091720

Wang, J., Han, G., You, J., Zhu, L., Li, Y., & Zhou, X. (2023). Analysis of the Spatial Relationship Between Ecosystem Regulation Services and Rural Tourism. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5), 3888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053888

Wang, Y., Wang, M., Li, K., & Zhao, J. (2021). Analysis of the Relationships Between Tourism Efficiency and Transport Accessibility—A Case Study in Hubei Province, China. Sustainability, 13(15), 8649. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158649

Widyastuty, A., Rukmana, S., Shofwan, M., & Waisnawayadnya, A. (2024). Distribution Patterns and Spatial Relationships in the Perspective of Tourism Destination Typology. Local Wisdom : Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Kearifan Lokal. https://doi.org/10.26905/lw.v16i1.11656

World Tourism Organization (2023), Tourism and Rural Development: A Policy Perspective, UNWTO, Madrid, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284424306

Xie, B., Wei, W., Li, Y., Liu, C., & Sheng-liang, J. U. (2023). Research on Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Correlation Degree of the Historical and Cultural Towns (Villages) in China. Sustainability, 15(2), 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021680

Xie, Y., Xiang-zhuang, M., Cenci, J., & Zhang, J. (2022). Spatial Pattern and Formation Mechanism of Rural Tourism Resources in China: Evidence From 1470 National Leisure Villages. Isprs International Journal of Geo-Information, 11(8), 455. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11080455

Yodfiatfinda, & Safitri, D. (2024). Development strategy of agro-tourism for sustainability of agricultural business entity: Case study of Sawangan Farm in Depok, West Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1364(1), 012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1364/1/012006

Zhang, X., Han, H., Tang, Y., & Chen, Z. (2023). Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Driving Factors of Tourism Resources in China. Land, 12(5), 1029. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12051029

Zheng, Y., Wu, M. H., Shi, J., Yang, H., Wang, J., Zhang, X., & Zhang, X. (2024). The Evolution of the Spatial–Temporal Pattern of Tourism Development and Its Influencing Factors: Evidence From China (2010–2022). Sustainability, 16(23), 10758. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162310758

Zou, Q., Sun, J., Luo, J., Cui, J., & Kong, X. (2023). Spatial Patterns of Key Villages and Towns of Rural Tourism in China and Their Influencing Factors. Sustainability, 15(18), 13330. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813330

Unduhan

Diterbitkan

2025-08-10

Cara Mengutip

Tri Rafika Diyah Indartin, Muhammad Asyroful Mujib, Eva Kurniasari, Hablana Rizka, & Firda Diartika. (2025). Strategi Pengembangan Pariwisata Pedesaan: Integrasi Analisis Spasial dan SWOT di Kecamatan Songgon, Banyuwangi. TOBA: Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Destination, 4(3), 362–374. https://doi.org/10.55123/toba.v4i3.6363

Terbitan

Vol 4 No 3 (2025): Agustus 2025

Bagian

Articles

Lisensi

Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Tri Rafika Diyah Indartin, Muhammad Asyroful Mujib, Eva Kurniasari, Hablana Rizka, Firda Diartika

Creative Commons License

Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
Penulis mengakui bahwa Toba: Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Destination sebagai publisher yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. 

Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain, seperti: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada Toba: Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Destination.