Analisis Hasil Uji Sensitivitas Bakteri pada Ulkus Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Yogyakarta

Authors

  • Fadhilah Zalfa Cahyaningrum Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta
  • Dhiah Novalina Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta
  • Monika Putri Solikah Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55123/sehatmas.v4i3.6153

Keywords:

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Ulcer, Antibiotic, Sensitivity Testing

Abstract

Diabetic ulcers are a condition that occurs in individuals suffering from diabetes mellitus due to damage to the nerves and peripheral arteries, leading to wound infections and damage to the skin tissue. The focus of this research is to determine the prevalence by gender, the types of bacteria that infect diabetic ulcers, and the patterns of antibiotic sensitivity at a hospital in Yogyakarta in 2024. This research employs a descriptive analytic design using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique uses total sampling, selecting all members of the population who meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data for this study were obtained from medical records during the period from January 1st to December 31st, 2024, with a total sample size of 86 diabetic ulcer patients. Of these patients, 53 are male and 33 are female who suffer from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with complications of diabetic ulcers. In addition, this research found 26 types of bacteria, where gram-negative bacteria are more dominant with 51 samples, while gram-positive bacteria amount to 35 samples. The most dominant type of gram-negative bacteria detected is Escherichia coli, while the most commonly identified gram-positive bacteria is Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiotics that are sensitive to gram-negative bacteria are meropenem, cefepime, and chloramphenicol. Meanwhile, the effective antibiotics against gram-positive bacteria are linezolid, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Achya, V. A., Eliana, F., & Kunci, K. (2023). Gambaran Pola Bakteri pada Ulkus Diabetik di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto dan RSUP Fatmawati Overview of Bacterial Patterns in Diabetic Ulcer Patients at Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital and Fatmawati General Hospital. 2(2), 179–184.

Adi, S. (2019). Pengelolaan Dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dewasa di Indonesia. PB Perkeni, 133.

Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Morgan, D., Raff, M., Roberts, K., & Walter, P. (2015). Molecular biology of the cell (6th ed.). New York, NY: Garland Science.

Aldred, K. J., Kerns, R. J., & Osheroff, N. (2016). Mechanism of quinolone action and resistance. Biochemistry, 55(8),1279-1294. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01343

Al-rubeaan, K., Derwish, M. Al, Ouizi, S., & Youssef, A. M. (2015). Diabetic Foot Complications and Their Risk Factors from a Large Retrospective Cohort Study. 53(Cvd), 1–17.

Anggraini, D., Yovi, I., Yefri, R., Christianto, E., & Syahputri, E. Z. (2020). Pola Bakteri dan Antibiogram Penyebab Ulkus Diabetikum di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau Periode 2015–2018. Biomedika, 12(1), 27-35.

Carroll, K. C., Glanz, B. L., Borek, A., & Thompson, R. (2017). Evaluation of the BD Phoenix system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Gram-positive cocci. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 55(9), 2533–2541. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00570-17

Delima, A. A. (2022). Pola Bakteri Pada Ulkus Diabetikum Grade Tiga di Klinik Luka Diabetes Kota Makassar. KOLONI, 1(2), 691-695.

Drawz, S. M., Bonomo, R. A., & Leonard, D. A. (2016). Structure-activity relationship among the beta-lactam antibiotics. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 24(20), 4763–4773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2016.08.048

Fahdianto, A. N., Astriani, N. A., Pratama, V. Y., Hamzah, H., & Yudhawan, I. (2024). Penelusuran aktivitas antibiofilm dan formulasi spons Petrosia sp. sebagai nanogel penyembuh luka ulkus diabetikum akibat infeksi biofilm Staphylococcus aureus. Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina, 9(2), 292–302. ISSN: 2502-647X; e-ISSN: 2503-1902.

Foster, T. J., Geoghegan, J. A., Ganesh, V. K., & Höök, M. (2018). Staphylococcus aureus: A versatile pathogen. Trends in Microbiology, 26(12), 1003–1015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2018.07.001

Gardner, S. E., Frantz, R. A., & Doebbeling, B. N. (2017). Wound sampling and culturing: A review of the literature. Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nursing, 44(4), 347–354. .

Humphries, R. M., Ambler, J., Mitchell, S. L., Castanheira, M., Dingle, T., Hindler, J. A., Koeth, L., & Sei, K. (2018). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: A review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 56(5), e01917-17. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01917-17

Idris, I., Palisoa, Z., & Ernawati, A. (2020, September). Pola resistensi bakteri pada ulkus diabetik. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi 6(1): 140-143).

Jorgensen, J. H., Carroll, K. C., Funke, G., Pfaller, M. A., Landry, M. L., Richter, S. S., & Warnock, D. W. (2016). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: general considerations. In J. H. Jorgensen, M. A. Pfaller, K. C. Carroll, et al. (Eds.), Manual of Clinical Microbiology (11th ed., pp. 1254–1273). ASM Press.

Khusuma, A., Safitri, Y., Yuniarni, A., & Rizki, K. (2019). Uji Teknik Difusi Menggunakan Kertas Saring Media Tampung Antibiotik dengan Escherichia Coli Sebagai Bakteri Uji. Jurnal Kesehatan Prima, 13(2), 151. https://doi.org/10.32807/jkp.v13i2.257

Kotra, L. P., Haddad, J., & Mobashery, S. (2018). Aminoglycosides: A review of their mechanism of action and clinical use. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 73(5), 1154–1163. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx518

Kumar, P. (2018). Diabetic foot infections: A review of the current status. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 12(9), OE01- OE05. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2018/36361.12101

Lestari, Zulkarnain, & Sijid, S. A. (2021). Diabetes Melitus: Review Etiologi, Patofisiologi, Gejala, Penyebab, Cara Pemeriksaan, Cara Pengobatan dan Cara Pencegahan. UIN Alauddin Makassar, November, 237–241. http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/psb

Lipsky, B. A., Berendt, A. R., Deery, H. G., Embil, J. M., Joseph, W. S., Karchmer, A. W., ... & Tan, J. S. (2016). Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 117(7S), 212S-238S.

Mita Zuliana, N., Suliati, S., & Endarini, L. H. (2023). Identifikasi Bakteri pada Luka Ulkus Pasien Diabetes Mellitus. JPP (Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Palembang), 18(2), 205–211. https://doi.org/10.36086/jpp.v18i2.1835

Nasution, F., Andilala, A., & Siregar, A. A. (2021). Faktor risiko kejadian diabetes mellitus. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 9(2), 94-102.

Nur, A. dan Marissa, N. (2016). Gambaran Bakteri Ulkus Diabetikum di Rumah Sakit Zainal Abidin dan Meuraxa Tahun 2015. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan. Volume 44 No. 3. Hal. 187–196.

Patel, J. B. (Ed.). (2017). Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Amerika Serikat : Clinical and laboratory standards institute.

Rahmah, H. A. N., & Anita, D. C. (2025, March). Gangguan integritas jaringan pada ulkus diabetikum. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat LPPM Universitas' Aisyiyah Yogyakarta (Vol. 3, pp. 847-855).

Ramadani, A. P., Ekayanti, A. K., Putra, F. M., Pendidikan, S., Dokter, P., & Kedokteran, F. (2024). Karakteristik Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 dengan Ulkus Diabetik dan Non Ulkus Diabetik di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar Tahun 2019 - 2021. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8, 10901.

Ramadhani, K., & Roslina, A. (2020). Perbandingan Sensitivitas Amoxicillin Dan Eritromicin Terhadap Streptococcus Β Hemolyticus pada Perokok. Jurnal Pandu Husada, 1(2), 117.

Ratnasari, P. (2016). Studi penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien diabetik foot ulcer (Penelitian di IRJ Poli Bedah RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya) (Disertasi). Universitas Airlangga.

Riskesdas. (2018). Prevalensi Diabetes Melitus Berdasarkan Diagnosis Dokter.

Rizqiyah, H., Soleha, T. U., Hanriko, R., & Apriliana, E. (2020). Pola Bakteri Ulkus Diabetikum Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Bacteriological Profile of Diabetic Foot Ulcer in RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek. Majority, 9, 128– 135.

Rhoads, D. D., Wolcott, R. D., Sun, Y., Dowd, S. E., & Wolcott, B. M. (2018). Evaluation of the BD Phoenix automated microbiology system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Gram-negative bacteria. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 56(5), e01917-17. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01917-17

Roza, R. L., Afriant, R., & Edward, Z. (2015). Faktor risiko terjadinya ulkus diabetikum pada pasien diabetes mellitus yang dirawat jalan dan inap di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil dan RSI Ibnu Sina Padang. Andalas Journal of Health, 4(1).

Sari YO, Almasdy D, Fatimah A.(2018). Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Ulkus Diabetikum di Instalasi Rawat Inap (IRNA) Penyakit dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.J Sains Farm Klin.5:102.

Sartika, D., Sari, T. M., & Hardiansyah, I. (2020). Pola kepekaan Bakteri Penyebab Ulkus Diabetikum Terhadap Antibiotika Di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode 2018 dan Periode 2019. JAFP (Jurnal Akademi Farmasi Prayoga), 5(2), 23-33.

Tang, L., Wang, H., Cao, K., Li, Y., Li, T., Huang, Y., & Xu, Y. (2023). Epidemiological features and impact of high glucose level on virulence gene expression and serum resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae causing liver abscess in diabetic patients. Infection and Drug Resistance, 1221-1230.

Umaroh, N., Sari, I. P., & Nuryastuti, T. (2017). Evaluasi pembentukan biofilm pada bakteri penyebab ulkus diabetik di RSUP Dr. Sardjito [Skripsi, Universitas Gadjah Mada]. UGM Repository. https://repository.ugm.ac.id

Wijaya, L., Budiyanto, A., Astuti, I., & Mustofa, . (2019). Pathogenesis, evaluation, and recent management of diabetic foot ulcer. Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran), 51(1):82–97. https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005101201910.

Zuliana, N. M., Suliati, S., & Endarini, L. H. (2023). Identifikasi Bakteri pada Luka Ulkus Pasien Diabetes Mellitus. JPP (Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Palembang), 18(2), 205-211.

Downloads

Published

2025-07-07

How to Cite

Fadhilah Zalfa Cahyaningrum, Dhiah Novalina, & Monika Putri Solikah. (2025). Analisis Hasil Uji Sensitivitas Bakteri pada Ulkus Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Yogyakarta. SEHATMAS: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat, 4(3), 961–974. https://doi.org/10.55123/sehatmas.v4i3.6153

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Fadhilah Zalfa Cahyaningrum, Dhiah Novalina , Monika Putri Solikah

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
Penulis mengakui bahwa SEHATMAS (Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat) sebagai publisher yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain, seperti: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada SEHATMAS (Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat).