Hubungan Body Image dan Restrained Eating dengan Status Gizi Kurang Mahasiswa Destinasi Pariwisata Universitas Airlangga
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55123/sehatmas.v5i3.8040Keywords:
Body Image, Eating Behavior, Nutritional Status, University StudentsAbstract
Undernutrition remains a pressing issue among university students, particularly in tourism programs that emphasize physical appearance. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body image and restrained eating with undernutrition among students of the Tourism Destination Study Program at Universitas Airlangga. A cross-sectional design was employed involving 114 students from the 2024–2025 cohorts selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Body image was measured using BSQ-16, restrained eating was measured using DEBQ, and nutritional status was determined based on BMI. The results showed that most respondents had negative body image, practiced restrained eating, had inadequate macronutrient intake, and were classified as having normal nutritional status. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between body image and restrained eating with undernutrition, but in an inverse pattern. Students with undernutrition were more likely to have a positive body image and engage in unrestrained eating, whereas students with normal to excess nutritional statuses tended to have negative body images and practice restrained eating. These findings indicate that students in the tourism field tend to prioritize ideal body standards over objectively evaluating their bodies based on health indicators.
Downloads
References
Adinugroho, D. (2024). Hubungan Social Pressure, Citra Tubuh, dan Perilaku Makan dengan Status Gizi Pada Cosplayer Wanita di Komunitas Cosplay Surabaya [Skripsi]. Universitas Airlangga.
Ainembabazi, B., Nabubuya, A., & Mukisa, I. M. (2025). Body Image Perception, Eating Habits, and Nutritional Status. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2025, 7059171. https://doi.org/10.1155/jnme/7059171
Alipour, B., Farhangi, M. A., Dehghan, P., & Alipour, M. (2015). Body image perception and its association with body mass index and nutrient intakes among female college students aged 18–35 years from Tabriz, Iran. Eat Weight Disord, 20, 465–471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-015-0184-1
Alkhalidy, H., Orabi, A., Alzboun, T., Alnaser, K., Al-Shami, I., & Al-Bayyari, N. (2021). Health-Risk Behaviors and Dietary Patterns Among Jordanian College Students: A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, 632035. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.632035
Almoraie, N. M., Alothmani, N. M., Alomari, W. D., & Al-Amoudi, A. H. (2025). Addressing nutritional issues and eating behaviours among university students: a narrative review. In Nutrition Research Reviews, 38(1), 53–68. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422424000088
Aparicio-Martinez, P., Perea-Moreno, A. J., Martinez-Jimenez, M. P., Redel-Macías, M. D., Pagliari, C., & Vaquero-Abellan, M. (2019). Social media, thin-ideal, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating attitudes: An exploratory analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 4177. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214177
Asmuni, & Febrianty, F. (2025). Pengaruh beban Kerja dan Status Gizi terhadap Kinerja melalui Stres Kerja pada Tenaga Pendidik Di SLTP Negeri 1 Majene. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Teknologi Kesehatan, 8(2), 296–313. https://doi.org/10.56467/jptk.v8i2.490
Azizah, C. N., Amin, F. A., & Ramadhaniah. (2024). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi pada mahasiswa/i Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh. Jurnal Kesehatan Saintika Meditory, 7(2), 1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30633/jsm.v7i2.2854
Baceviciene, M., Jankauskiene, R., & Balciuniene, V. (2020). The Role of Body Image, Disordered Eating and Lifestyle on the Quality of Life in Lithuanian University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1593. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051593
Bata, S. A., Tira, D. S., Landi, S., & Purnawan, S. (2024). Gambaran stress, pola makan dan IMT Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Nusa Cendana Tahun 2023. Jurnal Kesehatan, 13(1), 18–26. https://doi.org/10.37048/kesehatan.v13i1.300
Blongkod, F. R., & Arpin. (2022). Analysis of Dieting, Intake and Nutritional Status of Bina Mandiri Gorontalo University Students During Pandemic. Jurnal Gizi dan Kesehatan, 14(2), 177-190.
Brytek-Matera, A., Staniszewska, A., & Hallit, S. (2020). Identifying the profile of orthorexic behavior and “normal” eating behavior with cluster analysis: A cross-sectional study among polish adults. Nutrients, 12, 3490. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113490
Cahyanto, E. B., Mulyani, S., Nugraheni, A., Sukamto, I. S., & Musfiroh, M. (2021). Hubungan status gizi dan prestasi belajar. PLACENTUM Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Dan Aplikasinya, 9(1), 124-128. https://doi.org/10.20961/placentum.v9i1.45151
Dakanalis, A., Carrà, G., Calogero, R., Fida, R., Clerici, M., Zanetti, M. A., & Riva, G. (2015). The developmental effects of media-ideal internalization and self-objectification processes on adolescents’ negative body-feelings, dietary restraint, and binge eating. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 24(8), 997–1010. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-014-0649-1
Fadlilah, S., Wiyani, C., Sumarni, & Lustiyati, E. D. (2022). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi, emotional quotient (EQ), dan prestasi belajar mahasiswa. Journal of Nutrition College, 11(3), 228–235. https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v11i3.31688
Farisa, D. T., & Khomsan, A. (2023). Lifestyle, nutrition knowledge, body dissatisfaction, and nutritional status of IPB university students in Indonesia. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 10(9), 3052–3058. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20232660
Fathimatuzzahra, N., Nurhamidi, & Yanti, R. (2024). Hubungan Perilaku Emotional Eating, Restraint Eating, dan Tingkat Stres dengan Status Gizi Remaja. Jurnal Riset Pangan dan Gizi, 6(2), 159-166. https://doi.org/10.31964/jr-panzi.v6i2.228
Fu, T., Wang, J., Xu, S., Yu, J., & Sun, G. (2022). Media Internalized Pressure and Restrained Eating Behavior in College Students: The Multiple Mediating Effects of Body Esteem and Social Physique Anxiety. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 887124. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.887124
Gunawan, A. S., Zahra, A., Ivandha, B. I., Sari, D. M. L., Violeta, D., Niesa, G. K. S., … & Sasanti, W. D. (2022). “Gambaran status gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan penyelenggaraan makanan untuk karyawan hotel”. Nutrizione: Nutrition Research and Development Journal, 2(1), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.15294/nutrizione.v2i1.55911
Hamid, F., Salam, J., Dwiseli, F., & Nurgazali. (2024). Pengaruh Status Gizi terhadap Tingkat Kelelahan Pekerja PT. Maruki Internasional Indonesia. Sehat Rakyat: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 3(3), 153–164. https://doi.org/10.54259/sehatrakyat.v3i3.3039
Haryana, N. R., Rosmiati, R., Purba, E. M., & Firmansyah, H. (2023). Gaya hidup generasi Z dalam konteks perilaku makan, tingkat stres, kualitas tidur dan kaitannya dengan status gizi. Jurnal Gizi Kerja Dan Produktivitas, 4(2), 267–282. https://dx.doi.org/10.62870/jgkp.v4i2.24990
Hastuti, J. (2013). Anthropometry and body composition of Indonesian adults: an evaluation of body image, eating behaviours, and physical activity. [Disertasi]. Queensland University of Technology.
Hilger, J., Loerbroks, A., & Diehl, K. (2017). Eating behaviour of university students in Germany: Dietary intake, barriers to healthy eating and changes in eating behaviour since the time of matriculation. Appetite, 109, 100–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.016
Jones, J., Manoharan, A., & Madera, J. M. (2024). Lookism in hospitality and tourism workplaces: A multilevel review and research agenda. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 123, 103909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103909
Kabir, A., Miah, S., & Islam, A. (2018). Factors influencing eating behavior and dietary intake among resident students in a public university in Bangladesh: A qualitative study. PLoS ONE, 13(6), e0198801. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198801
Keller, C., & Siegrist, M. (2014). Successful and unsuccessful restrained eating. Does dispositional self-control matter?. Appetite, 74, 101–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2013.11.019
Kemenkes BKPK. (2023). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 Dalam Angka. Kementerian Kesehatan Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan.
Kosmas, J. A., Garza, M., Kells, M., Hahn, S. L., & Davis, H. A. (2025). Food Insecurity Predicts Excessive Exercise, Dietary Restriction, Cognitive Restraint, and Purging, but Not Binge Eating, in College Students Across 3 Months. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 58(5), 952–963. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24401
Kowalkowska, J., & Poínhos, R. (2021). Eating Behaviour Among University Students: Relationship with Age, Socioeconomic Status, Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, Waist-to-Height Ratio and Social Desirability. Nutrients, 13(10), 3622. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103622
Kusakabe, T., Arai, H., Yamamoto, Y., Nako, K., Akamatsu, Y., Ishihara, Y., … & Satoh-Asahara, N. (2024). Cross-sectional association of skeletal muscle mass and strength with dietary habits and physical activity among first-year university students in Japan: results from the KEIJI-U study. Nutrition, 118, 112265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2023.112265
Lorena-Mariana, C., Bianca, F., Laura-Elena, Ş., & Raluca, M. S. (2023). Analysis of the relationship between eating habits, weight self-efficacy and workplace loneliness in multinational tourism organizations. Blacksea Journal of Psychology, 14(Special issue), 160–176. www.bspsychology.ro
Maedah, A. L., Sitoayu, L., Melani, V., Nuzrina, R., & Kuswari, M. (2023). Status Gizi, Kebiasaan Sarapan Dengan Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Startup Jakarta. Jurnal Gizi Kerja Dan Produktivitas, 4(2), 220–229. https://doi.org/10.52742/jgkp.v4i2.239
Malau, R. M., Susaldi, & Sumedi. (2025). Hubungan sedentary lifestyle dan emotional eating dengan kelebihan berat badan (overweight) pada mahasiswa/i regular program studi sarjanan keperawatan Universitas Indonesia Maju di Jakarta 2025. Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Mahasiswa, 3(6), 463–477. https://doi.org/10.61722/jipm.v3i6.1687
Manasan, P. L., Quitor, C. G., Ronquillo, V. P., Dabu, D. C., Cruz, J. T. D., Sode, Ma. A. V., & Cruz, S. Jr. L. (2023). Motives and Barriers to Exercise among Underweight Filipino College Students. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 4(9), 3244–3263. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.16
Merino, M., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., Rubio-Zarapuz, A., Villanueva-Tobaldo, C. V., Martín-Rodríguez, A., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2024). Body Perceptions and Psychological Well-Being: A Review of the Impact of Social Media and Physical Measurements on Self-Esteem and Mental Health with a Focus on Body Image Satisfaction and Its Relationship with Cultural and Gender Factors. Healthcare, 12(14), 1396. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12141396
Montague, G., Eidipour, T., & Grant, S. L. (2025). Thin-Ideal Internalisation and Weight Bias Internalisation as Predictors of Eating Pathology: The Moderating Role of Self-Compassion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(8), 1278 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22081278
Nabila, Febriyanti, E., & Wilson, J. (2025). Pengaruh Persepsi Body Image terhadap Pola Makan dan Indeks Massa Tubuh Mahasiswa Patiseri: Studi pada Politeknik Pariwisata Medan. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Udayana, 11(02), 174–183. https://doi.org/10.47859/jmu.v11i02.654
Neumark-Sztainer, D., Wall, M. M., Chen, C., Larson, N. I., Christoph, M. J., & Sherwood, N. E. (2018). Eating, Activity, and Weight-related Problems From Adolescence to Adulthood. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 55(2), 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.032
Niu, G., Sun, L., Liu, Q., Chai, H., Sun, X., & Zhou, Z. (2020). Selfie-Posting and Young Adult Women’s Restrained Eating: The Role of Commentary on Appearance and Self-Objectification. Sex Roles, 82(3–4), 232–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-019-01045-9
Novrianti, D., Chandra, D. N., & Februhartany, J. (2023). Eating behavior and health-related quality of life among female students attending higher education during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. World Nutrition Journal, 7(1), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.25220/WNJ.V07.i1.0010
Ntentie, F. R., Angie Mbong, M. A., Tonou Tchuente, B. R., Biyegue Nyangono, C. F., Wandji Nguedjo, M., Bissal, C., … & Enyong Oben, J. (2022). Malnutrition, eating habits, food consumption, and risk factors of malnutrition among students at the University of Maroua, Cameroon. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2022(1), 1431743. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1431743
Nurdiani, R., Rahman, N. A. S., & Madanijah, S. (2023). Perilaku Makan Tipe Emotional, External dan Restrained Kaitannya dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh Mahasiswa. Jurnal Ilmu Gizi Dan Dietetik, 2(1), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.25182/jigd.2023.2.1.59-65
Ohara, K., Mase, T., Kouda, K., Miyawaki, C., Momoi, K., Fujitani, T., Fujita, Y., & Nakamura, H. (2019). Association of anthropometric status, perceived stress, and personality traits with eating behavior in university students. Eating and Weight Disorders, 24(3), 521–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-00637-w
Okumus, B., Chaulagain, S., & Giritlioglu, I. (2019). Examining the impacts of job stress and job satisfaction on hotel employees’ eating behavior. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 28(5), 558–575. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1532856
Pengpid, S., & Peltzer, K. (2018). Risk of disordered eating attitudes and its relation to mental health among university students in ASEAN. Eating and Weight Disorders, 23, 349–355. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0507-0
Pertiwi, A., & Nadhiroh, S. R. (2023). Hubungan tingkat adiksi media sosial dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada mahasiswa Universitas Airlangga. Healthy Tadulako Journal (Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako), 9(2), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.22487/htj.v9i2.720
Polivy, J., Herman, C. P., & Mills, J. S. (2020). What is restrained eating and how do we identify it? Appetite, 155, 104820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.104820
Pratami, V. T., Nuryani, R., & Lindasari, S. W. (2023). Tingkat Kepercayaan Diri Pada Wanita Dewasa Awal Dengan Adanya Tren Beauty Privilege. Jurnal Keperawatan, 15(3), 1101–1108. http://journal.stikeskendal.ac.id/index.php/Keperawatan
Prihanto, J. B., Wahjuni, E. S., Nurhayati, F., Matsuyama, R., Tsunematsu, M., & Kakehashi, M. (2021). Health Literacy, Health Behaviors, and Body Mass Index Impacts on Quality of Life: Cross-Sectional Study of University Students in Surabaya, Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13132. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413132
Purbanova, R., Widodo, & Ashari, S. I. P. A. (2019). Hubungan body image dengan status gizi pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Kesehatan Tujuh Belas, 1(1), 24–30.
Purwaningtyas, D. R., Fitriani, A., & Alnur, R. D. (2023). Eating Behaviours, Nutritional Status, and Body Composition Among Nutritional College Students in Indonesia Metropolitan Cities. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Social Determinants of Health, 44–48.
Putra, N. M. W. N. D., Arsana, I. W. E. A., & Permatananda, P. A. N. K. (2021). Hubungan Antara Body Image dengan Perilaku Diet pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Warmadewa Tahun Angkatan 2020. Aesculapius Medical Journal, 1(1), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.22225/amj.1.1.2021.27-31
Putri, N. A., Noviani, N. E., & Niamilah, I. (2026). Hubungan Antara Emotional Distress Dengan Perilaku Makan Pada Mahasiswa Universitas ’Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Borneo Nursing Journal (BNJ), 8(1), 2479–2490. https://doi.org/10.61878/bnj.v8i1.417
Radjah, A. C. L., Isaura, E. R., & Nadhiroh, S. R. (2022). Hubungan antara Pemilihan Makanan, Pola Konsumsi, Status Gizi dan Stres pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Universitas di Surabaya. Media Gizi Kesmas, 11(1), 210-217.
Saade, S., Hallit, S., Haddad, C., Hallit, R., Akel, M., Honein, K., Akiki, M., Kheir, N., & Obeid, S. (2019). Factors associated with restrained eating and validation of the Arabic version of the restrained eating scale among an adult representative sample of the Lebanese population: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Eating Disorders, 7, 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-019-0254-2
Setiyorini, H. P. D., Malihah, E., & Andari, R. (2015). The students’ perception on self-image, tourism career, and job choice. 2015 International Conference on Innovation in Engineering and Vocational Education, 273–277.
Shen, J., Chen, J., Tang, X., & Bao, S. (2022). The effects of media and peers on negative body image among Chinese college students: a chained indirect influence model of appearance comparison and internalization of the thin ideal. Journal of Eating Disorders, 10, 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-022-00575-0
Sufyan, D. L., Nurdiantami, Y., Wahyuningsih, U., & Krisdiani, A. F. (2021). Nutrition knowledge determinants among undergraduate students in selected university in Jakarta. Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition, 8(1), 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijhn.2021.008.01.7
Sunaryo, M., & Ratriwardhani, R. A. (2023). Analysis of the effect of nutritional status, workload and work period on worker productivity. Bali Medical Journal, 12(3), 2774–2777. https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4373
Tekola, A., Regassa, L. D., Berhanu, H., Mandefro, M., Shawel, S., Kassa, O., & Roba, K. T. (2024). Disordered eating behaviors and associated factors among secondary school adolescents in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia: cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 15, 1459073. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1459073
Tsaur, S. H., & Hsieh, H. Y. (2020). The influence of aesthetic labor burden on work engagement in the hospitality industry: The moderating roles of employee attributes. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 90–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.07.010
Wells, J. C., Sawaya, A. L., Wibaek, R., Mwangome, M., Poullas, M. S., Yajnik, C. S., & Demaio, A. (2020). The double burden of malnutrition: aetiological pathways and consequences for health. In The Lancet, 395(102170), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32472-9
World Health Organization. (2024). World Health Statistics 2024: monitoring health for the SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals.
Wu, L., King, C. A., Lu, L., & Guchait, P. (2020). Hospitality aesthetic labor management: Consumers’ and prospective employees’ perspectives of hospitality brands. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87, 102373 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102373
Yong, C., Liu, H., Yang, Q., Luo, J., Ouyang, Y., Sun, M., Xi, Y., Xiang, C., & Lin, Q. (2021). The Relationship between Restrained Eating, Body Image, and Dietary Intake among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients, 13(3), 990. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030990
Yuniarti, T., Musta’In, Adriani, R. B., Widiyanto, A., Atmojo, J. T., & Putri, S. I. (2024). The Correlation between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Body Mass Index among College Students in Surakarta, Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study. Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior, 7(3), 134–139. https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_18_24
Zahrah, A., & Muniroh, L. (2020). Body Image of Nutrition College Students and its Association with Energy Intake and Nutritional Status. Media Gizi Indonesia, 15(2), 66–72. https://doi.org/10.204736/mgi.v15i2.66-72
Zhang, L., Qian, H., & Fu, H. (2018). To be thin but not healthy - The body-image dilemma may affect health among female university students in China. PLoS ONE, 13(10), e0205282. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205282
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Vanesya Diva Rosita, Dini Ririn Andrias
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
Penulis mengakui bahwa SEHATMAS (Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat) sebagai publisher yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain, seperti: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada SEHATMAS (Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat).
