CORRECTION AND RETRACTION

This policy explains how TOBA: Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Destination, published by Yayasan Literasi Sains Indonesia, amends articles after they have been published. A correction repairs an error in an article that is otherwise reliable. A retraction warns readers that an article can no longer be relied on. An expression of concern is used while a serious issue is still under review.

Requests from authors to remove an article are assessed under this policy. They are not granted automatically.

Summary of Actions

Action	When it is used	What readers see
Correction	The article is substantially reliable, but it contains an error that can be repaired.	A dated notice that is linked to the original article.
Expression of concern	A serious concern exists and it has not been resolved.	A dated notice that is linked to the article.
Retraction	The article can no longer be relied on, for example after a serious error or after misconduct.	A dated retraction notice and a clear status warning on the article.

Request or concern → Assessment → Decision → Notice published → Record updated

ACorrections

A1. When a correction is appropriate

Type of error	Examples
Data and materials	Errors in data, tables, figures, maps, or supplementary files, such as questionnaires and interview guides.
Authors and affiliations	Wrong names of authors or wrong affiliations. Changes to the list of authors follow the Authorship and Contributorship policy.
Statements	Missing or incorrect funding, competing interest, or acknowledgment statements (see Conflicts of Interest).
References and sources	Errors in references or in the attribution of sources.

A correction cannot be used to hide findings that are fundamentally unreliable. If the conclusions of an article would change significantly, the journal considers whether a different action is needed.

A2. Requesting and assessing a correction

Topic	Description
Who may request	Authors and readers may request a correction by email to the editorial office at tobajurnal@gmail.com.
What to include	The DOI of the article, the passage that is affected, the change that is proposed, and the reason for the change.
Duty of authors	Authors who find a significant error in their own published work should notify the journal promptly.
Assessment	The responsible editor assesses the effect of the error. The editor may ask the authors to respond, or may seek independent advice.
Wider concerns	A concern about research integrity is handled under the Allegations of Misconduct policy.
Agreement of authors	The journal seeks the agreement of the authors. It may make a necessary correction without it.

A3. Correction notice

Topic	Description
Content	The notice identifies the article, describes the error and how it was repaired, and explains any effect on the interpretation of the article. It may be called a corrigendum or an erratum.
Presentation	The notice is dated, clearly labeled, freely accessible, and linked to the original article.
Substantive and minor changes	Substantive changes are always disclosed. A minor typographical or technical fix may be recorded as a version note or as an administrative update.
Changes of name	The journal protects the privacy of the author and avoids unnecessary personal details.

A4. Implementation

Topic	Description
Corrected version	The corrected version is published together with the notice, and the change is recorded so that readers can see what was changed and when.
DOI	The DOI of the article does not change.
Metadata and indexing	Where it is needed, the metadata are updated and the indexing services are informed.

BRetractions

B1. Grounds for consideration

No.	Ground
1	Unreliable findings because of a major error, fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate analysis.
2	Substantial plagiarism or undisclosed redundant publication (see the Plagiarism and Research Integrity Policy).
3	A serious problem with the right of the authors to publish the work.
4	A serious ethical failure, such as research without the permission or the participant consent that is required.
5	A compromised assessment process.
6	An undisclosed competing interest that is major.

An honest error can justify a retraction if it undermines the findings. Proof of an intention to mislead is not always required.

B2. Decision safeguards

Topic	Description
Who decides	An authorized editor who has no conflict of interest makes the decision, and the publisher carries it out.
Evidence	The evidence and the responses of the authors are reviewed under the Allegations of Misconduct policy.
Normally not sufficient	Allegations that are not supported, a dispute about authorship on its own, and problems that can be repaired by a correction do not normally justify a retraction.
Response of authors	Authors normally have the opportunity to respond. Their agreement is not required, and the protection of readers will not be delayed indefinitely.

B3. Retraction notice

Topic	Description
Content	The notice identifies the article and its DOI, names the party that issues the retraction, and gives the reasons, which are based on evidence.
Language	The notice separates facts that are established from matters that are unresolved. It uses proportionate language and does not blame a group of people without evidence.
Presentation	The notice is dated, clearly labeled, freely accessible, and permanently linked to the article.

B4. Handling of the published record

Topic	Description
Retracted articles	A retracted article normally remains online with a clear status warning and a link to the retraction notice. It is not deleted.
Removal of the full text	Removal is exceptional. It may be justified by legal reasons or by a serious risk to the privacy or the safety of participants, such as tourists, residents, employees, or minors. A notice explains the removal.
License	A retraction does not withdraw the rights that readers have already received under the Licensing terms of the journal.

CExpressions of Concern

Topic	Description
When it is issued	An expression of concern is issued when a serious concern exists but an investigation is not resolved, or when the evidence suggests a serious problem that is not yet conclusive.
Presentation	The notice is dated, freely accessible, and linked to the article.
Resolution	When the matter is resolved, the notice is replaced or followed by a correction, by a retraction, or by a statement that the concern is resolved.
Procedure	The concern is handled under the Allegations of Misconduct policy.

DRequests by Authors to Withdraw or Remove an Article

Topic	Description
Before publication	An author who wishes to withdraw a manuscript must notify the editor (see Publication Ethics).
Removal after publication	A request from the authors to remove a published article is assessed under this policy. It is not granted automatically.
Charges	A penalty fee applies to authors who decide to retract or withdraw an article after it has been published. It is described on the Author Fees page.

Related Policies

Topic	Policy
Ethical standards	Publication Ethics
Misconduct	Allegations of Misconduct
Originality and research integrity	Plagiarism and Research Integrity Policy
Conflicts of interest	Conflicts of Interest
Authorship	Authorship and Contributorship
Discussion after publication	Post-Publication Discussion
Author fees	Author Fees