Integrasi Vs30 dan Percepatan Tanah Maksimum (PGA) untuk Analisis Potensi Kerusakan Gempabumi di Kota Ambon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v5i5.9520Keywords:
Ambon City, Vs30, PGA, Damage Potential, EarthquakeAbstract
Ambon City experiences substantial seismic activity associated with the tectonic complexity of the Banda Arc. Differences in geological setting and shallow subsurface materials can modify the intensity of earthquake shaking from one location to another. This study integrates the average shear-wave velocity to 30 m depth (Vs30) with Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) to assess the spatial pattern of earthquake damage potential in Ambon City. The dataset comprises 276 USGS Vs30 grid points and PGA information provided by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PUPR). The Vs30 values were interpolated and grouped using modified NEHRP site classes, namely B, BC, C, CD, and D. An empirical relation proposed by Fujimoto and Midorikawa (2006) was applied to estimate site amplification, which was then combined with bedrock PGA to derive surface PGA. The calculated Vs30 ranges from 232 to 900 m/s, with the maximum surface PGA reaching 1.12g at Passo, where Vs30 is 232 m/s. Relatively high PGA is also found at Urimesing, Waihoka, and Hutumuri, where Vs30 is comparatively low. Areas characterized by high PGA together with low Vs30 represent locations with comparatively greater shaking and earthquake-damage potential. These results can serve as preliminary spatial information for prioritizing earthquake mitigation in Ambon City
Downloads
References
Baskara, A. W., Sahara, D. P., Nugraha, A. D., Rusdin, A. A., Zulfakriza, Widiyantoro, S., Triyoso, W., Priyono, A., Puspito, N. T., Shiddiqi, H. A., Kusumawati, D., Rudyawan, A., & Elly, E. (2023). Aftershock study of the 2019 Ambon earthquake using moment tensor inversion: Identification of fault reactivation in northern Banda, Indonesia. Earth, Planets and Space, 75, Article 124. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01860-1
Bustari, A. A., & Wibowo, N. B. (2022). Pemetaan sebaran nilai Vs30, faktor amplifikasi tanah, dan peak ground acceleration wilayah Bantul Timur. Cakrawala Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sains, 1(2).doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.28989/cakrawala.v1i2.1436
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) (2020). NEHRP recommended seismic provisions for new buildings and other structures (FEMA P-2082). Washington, DC: FEMA
Fujimoto, K., & Midorikawa, S. (2006). Relationship between average shear-wave velocity and site amplification inferred from strong motion records at nearby station pairs. Journal of Japan Association for Earthquake Engineering, 6(1), 11–22.doi: https://doi.org/10.5610/jaee.6.11
Gobbi, S., Lenti, L., Santisi d’Avila, M. P., Semblat, J.-F., & Reiffsteck, P. (2020). Influence of the variability of soil profile properties on weak and strong seismic response. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 135, 106200.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106200
Gultom, R., Pakpahan, S., Pattimura, N. S., Ratumanan, R. C. F., & Indriati, S. (2026). Analisis Spasial Respon Situs Berdasarkan Vs30 USGS, Estimasi Amplifikasi dan Periode Dominan di Seram Bagian Timur. Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, Dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal), 7(2), 906–913.doi: https://doi.org/10.29303/goescienceed.v7i2.1793
Gultom, R., & Pakpahan, S. (2024). Analysis of Earthquake Hazard Potential in Cimahi City and Surrounding Areas Using Microtremor Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio Method. Jurnal Rekayasa Geofisika Indonesia, 7(01), 001–012.doi: https://doi.org/10.56099/jrgi.v7i01.161
Hamed, A., El-Shafie Fat-Helbary, R., Mohamed, M. E.-A., & El-Faragawy, K. O. (2023). Seismic site characteristics for geotechnical engineering purposes: Case study, South of Ras Samadai, Red Sea, Egypt. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 219, 105223.doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2023.105223
Hanatha, F. D., Indriatmoko, T. W., & Qurratu'aeni, W. S. (2023). Analysis of soil and rock strength using Vs30 value and ground shear strain based on microtremor data in the Pindul Cave area, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Geosaintek, 9(1), 29–36.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.12962%2Fj25023659.v9i1.16257
Heath, D., Wald, D. J., Worden, C. B., Thompson, E. M., and Scmocyk, G. (2020). A Global Hybrid VS30 Map with a Topographic-Slope-Based Default and Regional Map Insets”, Earthquake Spectra, vol. 36, 3: pp. 1570-1584.
Kuncar, F., Bradley, B. A., & de la Torre, C. A. (2026). Validating VS30-based site amplification factors in hybrid broadband ground-motion simulation of small-magnitude earthquakes in New Zealand. Earthquake Spectra, 42(1), e70005.doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/esp4.70005
Magistrale, H., Rong, Y., Silva, W., & Thompson, E. (2012). A site response map of the continental US. In Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (15th WCEE), Lisbon –Portugal.doi: https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.1679.6161
Mazanec, M., Valenta, J., & Málek, J. (2024). Does VS30 reflect seismic amplification? Observations from the West Bohemia Seismic Network. Natural Hazards, 120, 12181–12202.doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-024-06679-x
Meilano, I., Abidin, H. Z., Sagiya, T., Agustina, D. K., & Hanifa, N. R. (2021). Source characteristics of the 2019 Mw 6.5 Ambon, eastern Indonesia, earthquake inferred from seismic and geodetic data. Seismological Research Letters, 92(6), 3339–3348.doi:https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210021
Navarro, M., López, F., Martínez-Pagán, P., García-Jerez, A., Martínez-Segura, M. A., Oda, Y., & Enomoto, T. (2025). Estimating VS30 structure from topographic and geological data in the southeast of Spain. Engineering Geology, 351, 108037.doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108037
Nugraha, A. D., Muttaqy, F., Ry, R. V., Supendi, P., Rosalia, S., Sahara, D. P., Baskara, A. W., Muhari, A., Priyono, A., Zulfakriza, Z., Widiyantoro, S., Puspito, N. T., & Elly, E. (2026). Seismic velocity structure beneath the source region of the 2019 Ambon earthquake (Mw 6.5), Indonesia, from local earthquake tomography. Earth, Planets and Space, 78, 76.doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-026-02391-1 11.
Nugraheni, A. S., Wibowo, N. B., & Yudianto, D. (2023). Modeling of liquefaction potential zone using the global geospatial model (Case study: Special Region of Yogyakarta and Klaten Regency). Jurnal Geofisika, 21(1), 1–8.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.36435/jgf.v21i1.529
Rahman, A. S., Sutiyono, S., Cindiwati, C., & Alfiandy, S. (2024). Identifikasi klasifikasi jenis tanah berdasarkan nilai kecepatan gelombang geser Vs30 di daerah Bekasi. Buletin GAW Bariri (BGB), 5(2), 1–6.doi:https://doi.org/10.31172/bgb.v5i2.121
Raharjo, F. D., Syafriani, & Ahadi, S. (2024). Estimation model Peak Ground Acceleration at bedrock and surface of the Pasaman Barat earthquake on February 25, 2022 Mw 6.1.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.36435/jgf.v21i1.548
Sahara, D. P., Nugraha, A. D., Muhari, A., Rusdin, A. A., Rosalia, S., Priyono, A., Zulfakri, Z., Widiyantoro, S., Puspito, N. T., Rietbrock, A., Lesmana, A., Kusumawati, D., Ardianto, A., Baskara, A. W., Halauwet, Y., Shiddiqi, H. A., Rafie, M. T., Pradisti, R., Mozef, P. W., Tuakia, M. Z., & Elly, E. (2021). Source mechanism and triggered large aftershocks of the Mw 6.5 Ambon, Indonesia earthquake. Tectonophysics, 799, 228709.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228709
Stanko, D., & Markušić, S. (2024). Site amplification model for Croatia estimated by random vibration theory-based site response analysis. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 179, 108547.doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.108547
Subakti, H., & Haurissa, A. (2022). Studi mikrotremor di wilayah kerusakan akibat gempa bumi Ambon 26 September 2019 menggunakan metode horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR). PROGRESS: Jurnal Geofisika, 1(1), 29–49. Retrievered from https://stmkg.balai2bmkg.id/index.php/pjg/article/view/21
Syafarudin, I., Raiha, M. K., Zahara, F., Azmi, S. H. N., Budin, C. S., & Zulfakriza. (2025). Investigasi karakteristik bawah permukaan di sekitar sumber gempa Sumedang 31 Desember 2023 menggunakan parameter Vs 30 dan kurva HVSR guna pemetaan daerah rawan potensi gempa. Jurnal Geofisika, 22(2), 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36435/jgf.v22i2.637
Tjokrosapoetro, S., Rusmana, E., & Suharsono. (1994). Geologi Lembar Ambon, Maluku. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi, Bandung, skala 1:250.000.
Umar, U., Niyartama, T. F., & Wibowo, N. B. (2021). Analisis indeks bahaya gempa bumi berdasarkan PGA permukaan di Kecamatan Sanden Kabupaten Bantul D.I. Yogyakarta. Sunan Kalijaga Journal of Physics, 3(2), 70–78.doi: https://doi.org/10.14421/physics.v3i2.2314
Zhang Z; Yang X; Mooney WD; Bell RE; Zhao S; Lin J; Zheng T; Xu H (2024) An Integrated Study of Age and Formation of the Aru Trough, Eastern Banda Arc, Indonesia: Implications for Seismic Hazards. Tectonics, 43, (9).doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2024TC008449
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rimawanto Gultom, Nasya Syahnur Pattimura, Ratih C F Ratumanan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
Penulis mengakui bahwa INSOLOGI (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) sebagai publisher yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain, seperti: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada INSOLOGI (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi).
