CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora handles conflicts of interest openly, so that editorial decisions stay transparent and the scholarly record stays reliable. This policy explains how competing interests are declared and assessed when research is reported, evaluated, and published. On this page, conflict of interest and competing interest mean the same thing.

Policy at a Glance

Who What is expected
Authors Disclose all relevant interests in one competing interests statement, and give a separate funding statement. Both appear in the Acknowledgements.
Editors Disclose relevant interests before accepting an assignment, and do not decide on a manuscript if their impartiality may be compromised.
Reviewers Disclose relevant interests before accepting an invitation, and decline or withdraw if the conflict disqualifies them.
The journal Assesses every declared interest and decides whether the disclosure, an independent assessment, or a replacement is needed.

1. What Is a Competing Interest

A competing interest is any relationship or activity that could influence, or appear to influence, how research is conducted, reported, reviewed, or edited.
Disclosure is a protective step. It is not an accusation, and it does not mean that bias or misconduct has occurred.

2. Interests That Should Be Disclosed

Authors, editors, and reviewers should disclose the interests that are relevant to a manuscript or to an editorial or review assignment. The table gives the main types and examples.

Type of interest Examples
Financial relationships Employment, consultancy, honoraria, shares, patents, royalties, or other commercial benefits, for example from a publisher, a consulting firm, or a software developer that is related to the research topic.
Funding and sponsorship Research funding, paid expert work, or the involvement of a sponsor in the study, for example from a government office, a foundation, a company, or an institution.
Personal and professional relationships Close personal, supervisory, collaborative, or professional ties with authors, reviewers, or editors, such as a supervisor and student relationship, close colleagues, or recent coauthors.
Interest in the subject of the study Having designed, developed, or sold a program, instrument, or tool that is evaluated in the study, or studying one's own organization, community, or participants in a way that may affect objectivity.
Editorial and journal ties Editorial appointments or other ties with the journal that may require a manuscript to be handled independently.
Ordinary scholarly disagreement is not, by itself, a disqualifying conflict of interest.

3. Author Responsibilities

Topic Details
Competing interests statement Every author must disclose any relevant interest. The corresponding author compiles one statement for the whole manuscript. If no interests apply, the statement says so.
Funding statement Authors must name the sources of funding, the funding organizations, and the grant numbers. They must also state whether the funder had any role in the design of the study, in the collection and analysis of data, or in the preparation of the manuscript.
Both statements are required The funding statement does not replace the competing interests statement, and the competing interests statement does not replace the funding statement.
Where to place them The article template has no separate sections for these statements. Both go in the Acknowledgements section, as its final paragraphs, even if there is nothing else to acknowledge. See Manuscript Preparation.

Example Statements

Case Example wording
No competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.
A declared competing interest The first author is employed by [name of organization], which developed the [program or platform] evaluated in this study. The other authors declare no competing interests.
Funding This research was funded by [name of funder] under grant number [number]. The funder had no role in the design of the study, in the collection and analysis of data, or in the preparation of the manuscript.

4. Editors and Reviewers

Role Responsibilities
4.1 Editors Editors disclose relevant interests before they accept an assignment, and they report any interest that arises later without delay. An editor whose impartiality may be compromised must not decide on that manuscript. A manuscript submitted by an editor or by a member of the editorial board is handled by an editor who is not involved, and the author takes no part in its evaluation or in the decision.
4.2 Reviewers Reviewers disclose relevant interests before they accept an invitation, and they report any interest that arises later without delay. A reviewer who has a disqualifying conflict must decline or withdraw. Examples are close personal or supervisory ties, recent collaboration with an author, or a competing interest in the subject of the manuscript. See the Peer Review Process page.
When an editor or a reviewer declares a conflict, an editor who is not affected by it decides whether safeguards are enough or whether the assignment should be given to someone else.

5. Assessment and Late Disclosure

Each declared interest is assessed for its relevance and its possible effect. The outcome may be one of the following:

No. Possible outcome
1 The disclosure is published together with the article.
2 An independent assessment is requested.
3 The editor or reviewer involved is replaced.
A disclosure that is missing, incomplete, inaccurate, or made late, whether after submission or after publication, is judged in its context. A material concern is handled under the Publication Ethics, Allegations of Misconduct, and Correction and Retraction policies.

6. Scope of This Policy

This policy covers interests that are related to research and the way they are assessed. Publication charges are described on the Author Fees page, and the ownership and management of the journal are described on the Ownership and Management page. Commercial considerations do not influence editorial decisions, as stated in the Publication Ethics policy.

Related Pages and Enquiries

The Manuscript Preparation page and the Author Guidelines explain the structure of a manuscript, and the Authorship and Contributorship page explains how contributions are declared. Questions about this policy or about a specific disclosure may be sent to the editorial office at jurnal.sosmaniora@gmail.com.
Topic Page
Where the statements are placed Manuscript Preparation
Declaring contributions Authorship and Contributorship
How editors and reviewers are assigned Peer Review Process
Ethical duties of all parties Publication Ethics
Reporting and handling misconduct Allegations of Misconduct
Correcting or retracting articles Correction and Retraction
Publication charges Author Fees
Ownership and management of the journal Ownership and Management