Gander Analysis of Flood Mitigation in West Kalimantan: Sociobiology, Structural Functionality, and Equilibrium

Abstract

This study analyzes gender roles in flood mitigation in West Kalimantan using sociobiological lenses, structural-functional theory, and the concept of social equilibrium. The aim of the study is to understand how men's and women's roles are shaped through biological and social adaptations, and how gender interactions contribute to social coordination, community resilience, and post-disaster recovery. A qualitative case study approach was applied with purposive sampling of participants including affected women, community leaders, and local officials. Data collection was conducted through field observations, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis, while data analysis followed the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, encompassing condensation, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that gender-based ecological adaptation is flexible and collective, with men handling physical labor and women managing domestic logistics and family health, while cross-gender participation strengthens community solidarity and coordination. Post-flood recovery mechanisms through mutual cooperation and collective participation reflect the principle of social equilibrium, where functional balance between individuals, families, and communities is maintained. The structural-functional approach explains the complementary division of roles, while the sociobiological perspective highlights the adaptive basis of gender behavior. This research confirms that effective flood mitigation requires the integration of local practices, gender-based strategies, and adaptive social coordination to achieve sustainable community resilience. These findings contribute to the development of inclusive, equitable, and community-based disaster mitigation policies.